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Glasgow Green is a park in the east end of Glasgow, on the north bank of the River Clyde. Established in the 15th century, it is the oldest park in the city. ==History== In 1450, King James II granted the land to Bishop William Turnbull and the people of Glasgow. The Green was quite different from what it is today, being an uneven swampy area composed of a number of "greens" (divided by the Camlachie Burn and Molendinar Burn), including the High and Low Greens, the Calton Green and the Gallowgate Green. The park served a number of purposes in its first few centuries; as a grazing area, an area to wash and bleach linen, an area to dry fishing nets and for activities like swimming. The city's first ''steamie'', called ''The Washhouse'', opened on the banks of the Camlachie Burn in 1732. An area of land, known as ''Fleshers' Haugh'' was purchased in 1792 by the city from Patrick Bell of Cowcaddens, extending the park to the east. In 1817 and 1826, efforts were made to improve the layout of the park. Culverts were built over the Calmachie and Molendinar Burns and the park was levelled out and drained.〔 A number of projects have been proposed through its history that would have intruded upon the Green. The steamship owner Henry Bell proposed building a canal from the Broomielaw to Glasgow Green with a quay terminal at the Green, this proposal was publicly condemned and never implemented. Large coal deposits were discovered under the Green, after borings performed in 1821-1822 and although the City's Superintendent of Work recommended mining, the town council voted against it. However, later in 1858, when the city was looking to offset the cost of purchasing land for parks in other areas of the city, the council approved a plan to mine the Green. However, before the plan could be implemented, it met with large scale public opposition and was dropped, only for it to be resurrected in 1869 and 1888, each time failing to result in any mining.〔 Glasgow Green railway station was on the Glasgow Central Railway. It was closed in 1953. From 25 December 1745 to 3 January 1746, Bonnie Prince Charlie's army camped in the privately owned ''Flesher's Haugh'' (which would become a part of Glasgow Green in 1792), while Charlie demanded that the city equip his army with fresh clothing and footwear.〔 In 1765, James Watt, while wandering aimlessly across the Green, conceived the idea of the separate condenser for the steam engine.〔 This invention is credited by some with starting the Industrial Revolution. To alleviate economic depression in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars the Town Council of Glasgow employed 324 jobless as workers to remodel Glasgow Green. The Radical movement for parliamentary reform grew, and in 1816 some 40,000 people attended a meeting on the Green to support demands for more representative government and an end to the Corn Laws which kept food prices high. In the spring of 1820 the Green was one of the meeting places for conspirators in what became the "Radical War", with strikers carrying out military drill on the Green before their brief rebellion was crushed. Later James Wilson was convicted of treason for allegedly being a leader of the insurrection, and hanged and beheaded on Glasgow Green in front of a crowd of some 20,000 people. When the Reform Act of 1832 passed in Parliament, increasing the electorate from 4,329 (1820) to 65,000 (1832), a large demonstration of over 70,000 people was held on the Green with a procession lead around the park by a Bridgeton band. The Chartism movement that grew in response to the Reform Act, later resulted in what is known as the ''Chartist Riot'' of 1848. William Ewart Gladstone's Reform Act of 1867, which increased the electorate to 230,606 (1868), brought further meetings to the Green.〔 The park was used as a meeting place by the women's suffragette movement from the early 1870s to the late 1910s. In April 1872, the women's suffragette society, that had formed only two years before, held a large open air meeting in the park. Two of Scotland's oldest sporting clubs Clydesdale Amateur Rowing Club (est.1857) and Glasgow University Rowing Club (est.1867, now known as Glasgow University Boat Club) are situated on the banks of the river Clyde at Glasgow Green. Clydesdale ARC moved from the south side of the river to Glasgow Green in 1901. In 1872 a group of members from this club formed a team to play football against Callander F.C. on Flesher's Haugh, this team became Rangers F.C..〔 During World War I, the anti-war movement held mass demonstrations on the Green. In September 1914, John Maclean held his first anti-war rally under Nelson's monument. The Military Service Act of 1916, led to a rally on the Green, which resulted in 12 months imprisonment for the three lead speakers under the DORA. On 29 June 1916, David Lloyd George was invited to receive the ''freedom of the city'', which led to mass protests on the Green. In May 1917, workers marched through Glasgow to the Green in support of Russia's February Revolution. Another result of World War I, was increased migration to the city of munitions workers. The resulting rent increases led to protests on the Green in 1920. Over the years there have been many live music events on Glasgow green. Michael Jackson performed there, in 1992 on his ''Dangerous World Tour'' his only live show in Scotland. The Stone Roses played what is widely regarded one of their best ever shows on the green in 1990. The band returned on the 15th of June 2013 for another gig on the green, following their recent reformation and world tour. The green was also host to Download Festival Scotland in 2004 a live music festival featuring Metallica, Linkin Park, Korn and Slipknot. It hosted Radio 1's Big Weekend, the biggest free ticketed music event in Europe, in May 2014 and featured some of the biggest acts in the world performing to over 50,000 spectators across the weekend. It is also the current home of the world pipe band championships. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glasgow Green」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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